Cologne is one of the oldest cities on the territory of modern Germany. It was founded, like many other cities in Europe, by the ancient Romans under the emperor Claudius. Cologne was built and developed as a military outpost and trade artery of the Roman Empire. The brisk trade was facilitated by the mighty river Rhine, which divides Cologne into two parts and connects it with other German cities.
During its long history, the city has experienced many tragic events. This list includes fires, floods, destructive raids. In the twentieth century, the Second World War brought the greatest damage to Cologne. During this period, the city was almost completely destroyed by the allied aviation of the Americans and the British. Only the Cologne Cathedral withstood this blow, the pilots used it as a landmark on the ground, thanks to which it was preserved. After the end of the war, the Germans carried out a large-scale reconstruction to restore the former appearance of Cologne.
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